Nowadays, the industrial equipment in our life almost uses the numerical control system. What are the main functions of the numerical control system? Now I will introduce you specifically:
The number of axes that the CNC unit can control and the number of axes that can be controlled simultaneously (ie, linked) are one of the main performances. Generally, the CNC lathe only needs 2-axis control for 2-axis linkage; general milling machine requires 2-axis half- or 3-axis control, 3-axis linkage; general machining center is multi-axis control, 3-axis or more. The more the number of control axes, especially the more the number of axes to be controlled at the same time, the stronger the function of the CNC device and the more complicated the programming.
(1) Preparation function
The preparation function is to make the CNC machine tool ready for some kind of operation, and is represented by the address G and the number. The ISO standard specifies that there are 100 kinds of GOO to GPP preparation functions. At present, some CNC systems also use numbers other than 00-99. Engraving machine manufacturers provide you with specific data analysis
G code is divided into modal code (also known as renewed code) and non-modal code. The code table is grouped according to the function of the code, and is grouped with the same letter (or number). The G code of 00 group (or no letter) is non-modal code, and the rest is modal code. The non-modal code is only valid in this block, and the modal code can be valid in multiple blocks until it is replaced by the same group of codes.
The preparation functions include basic movement of the CNC axis, program pause, plane selection, coordinate setting, tool compensation, reference point return, fixed cycle, metric conversion, and so on.
(2) Feed function
The feed function word F indicates the feedrate at the time of tool center movement, and the feed function directly commands the feedrate of each axis with the F code. It consists of the address code F and the number.
The rapid traverse rate is generally the maximum speed of the feedrate. It is parameterized and executed quickly with the G00 command. The medium-feeding override switch is set on the operation panel of the CNC machine. The magnification can be changed between 0-200%, and the interval between each block is 10%. The feed rate can be changed without changing the program using the override switch.
(3) Auxiliary function (M code)
Auxiliary functions, also called M functions or M codes, are commands that control the switching function of a machine or system. It consists of address code M and number, and there are 100 kinds from M00-M99. The various types of numerical control devices have a large number of auxiliary functions, and many of them are customizable and must be programmed according to the specifications. Commonly used auxiliary functions include program stop, spindle forward/reverse, coolant on and off, and tool change.
(4) Tool function
Tool function word T. It consists of the address function code T and the number. The number of the tool function is the specified tool number, and the number of digits is determined by the system used.
(5) Main glaze speed function
The spindle speed function word S is composed of an address code S and a number.
After the introduction of the main functions of the above CNC system, I believe you have more understanding of this. CNC systems will be more widely used in our lives in the future.
